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Israel's water management is based mainly on rains, most of
which fall in the northern half of the country. The water, which is required for
drinking and for agriculture throughout the country, must be transported from
the northern to the central and southern parts of the country. Already in the
1960s the directors of the Israeli water economy were wise enough to establish a
country-wide network for transporting water. The basis of the transport system
is the national carrier, which pumps water from the Kinneret and conveys it in
channels and closed pipelines as far as the northern Negev. Smaller local
projects are connected to the national carrier, thus a water transport network
is created that enables supplying water when needed to almost every settlement
in the country, as far as Sede Boqer in the south. The water is supplied to the
southern Negev and Arava settlements by a separate regional transport system,
which is based on local boreholes and desalination of saline water. The national
water transport system connects the three main water sources of the country:
Lake Kinneret, the Yarqon-Taninim basin, and the coastal aquifer, and supplies
the water to consumers in the Haifa area, the coastal plain, Jerusalem and the
northern Negev.
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